Effect of High-Flow Nasal Oxygen on Respiratory Parameters and Pulmonary Complications After Early Extubation Following Pediatric Heart Surgery

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) after early extubation on children undergoing cardiac surgery. Methods: This randomized controlled clinical trial performed among 92 aged 1 24 months surgery from March 5 August 30, 2020, in a pediatric post-cardiac intensive care unit (ICU). patients were receive either HFNC or conventional oxygen therapy extubation. Arterial blood samples collected anesthesia induction, end surgery, at time entering ICU while they intubated, 6 hours ICU, before removing endotracheal tube, immediately extubation, as well 1, 6, 12, 24, and 36 compared regarding PaCO2, PaO2/FiO2 ratios, respiratory failure, need for reintubation, development atelectasis, pneumothorax, pleural effusion, length stay. Results: similar demographic characteristics, duration mechanical ventilation (P > 0.05). On first second days mean modified radiologic atelectasis score (m-RAS) lower group < frequency failure did not differ groups PaCO2 than control 0.001). PaO2/FIO2 ratio significantly higher one hour afterward comparison re-intubation 0.013) stay 0.001) group. Conclusions: It found that could improve parameters reduce postoperative pulmonary complications infants following congenital heart